HEROISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LIFE AND CREATIVITY OF THE LEADERS OF THE UKRAINIAN GREEK CATHOLIC CHURCH

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of approaches to understanding the essence of heroism and the peculiarities of the spiritual world of heroes by representatives of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, which, despite centuries of persecution, has survived and today provides examples of high spirit and determination in defending the independence of the Motherland. The study's starting point was the views of prominent UGCC leaders, including Andrey Sheptytsky, Josyf Slipyj, Lubomyr Husar, and His Beatitude Sviatoslav. Attention is focused on the fact that the issue of heroism is considered by the leaders of the Greek Catholic Church in context, and only some of the speeches and printed works of the metropolises focus directly on the images of heroes and the essence of heroism. It is noted that, according to the Canon of the UGCC, defending one's land and people from an aggressor is morally justified, and military (secular) heroism in the context of Russia's current war against Ukraine is considered an expression of Christian love. Additionally, admirable qualities include spiritual and social service in extreme conditions, the principled preservation of virtues during social crises and in daily life, as well as moral steadfastness and other heroic traits. The special role of the personal example set by J. Slipyj and A. Sheptytsky in their courageous resistance to repression by the Soviet authorities, in their consistent struggle for the recognition of the patriarchate of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, and in their active cultural activities aimed at preserving national identity is emphasized. The important role of L. Huzar during the Revolution of Dignity is emphasized, as he, a noble and wise man, served as an unquestionable moral authority, supporting the determination and high spirit of Ukrainians. Attention is also focused on the figure of His Beatitude Sviatoslav, who, in supporting Ukrainian soldiers today, considers their sacrifice and heroism to be markers of national identity.
It is noted that the UGCC is distinguished by its historical context of persecution for faith; therefore, integrating Roman Catholic discipline with Eastern spirituality supports patriotic heroism, which is both an expression of faith and a symbol of national identity. That is why the heroism of soldiers, defenders of Ukraine's independence, freedom, and dignity, is deeply rooted in Greek Catholicism.